Glutathione, an endogenous tripeptide with an amino acid sequence of cysteine, glutamic acid, and glycine, is often available at stores with the name GSH. This potent anti-oxidant molecule is produced by the liver and neuroglia in our body.

Glutathione plays a key role in detoxification and getting rid of all the oxidants and scavenger particles produced in the human body due to various biochemical processes. It is important to mention that one of the major roles of glutathione is to protect red blood cells, as they are more susceptible to oxidative stress.

Because glutathione levels decline as we age, this makes us more prone to developing cancers and other related disorders, so one can also correlate the role of glutathione in delaying the onset and progression of cancer.

HGH-FRAG is a sliced version of Human Growth Hormone. Distinctly it comprises the last 16 amino acids sequence of HGH from the 191-long sequence of the latter. Chemically the peptide goes by C39H60N8O13. 

However, unlike HGH, the HGH-FRAG has quite a different working mechanism. One would think that being a spliced part of Growth Hormone, HGH fragments would also be conventionally working the same way. Nevertheless, the answer is no. 

Unlike its parent GH, HGH-FRAG does not bind to Growth Hormone Receptors (GHR) because it does not consist of all 191 amino acids. Thus, it can neither transcribe the formation of IGF-1 nor carry out any anabolic functions the way GH would. 

Research suggests that a three-week course with HGH-FRAG therapy in obese mice resulted in an approximate cut down of 50% in weight gain.

Thymosin beta-4 is a small peptide with G actin-sequestering action. It is associated with the induction of angiogenesis and accelerated wound healing (10).

TB-500 is a synthetic version of the naturally occurring peptide LKKTETQ. The peptide segment (17)LKKTETQ(23) is the active site within the protein thymosin β(4) responsible for actin binding, cell migration and wound healing

Muscle fibers are made up of actin and myosin, which are contractile filaments. These filaments allow our muscles to contract and relax for mobility and carry out efficient metabolism and cell signaling.

TB-500 increases our body’s response to actin by increased reception of the protein by the peptide segment (17)LKKTETQ(23). This upregulation promotes increased cell growth, healthy cell proliferation, healing effects, and cell migration, particularly keratinocytes and endothelial cells.

TB-500 promotes angiogenesis which is the formation of new blood vessels. It builds up new blood vessel pathways for efficient blood supply to the wounds for increased healing. It also augments beneficial inflammation at the site of injuries.

BPC-157, or pentadecapeptide, is categorized as a body protection compound. It is composed of 15 amino acids in a very particular sequence that doesn’t exist naturally.

It is artificially synthesized in laboratories using the partial sequence of the body-protecting compounds isolated from gastric juices. Hence, it is one of the derivatives of the peptide found in human gastric juices.

The therapeutic effects of BPC-157 are exerted through multiple courses of action. One of the most common ways that BPC-157 acts as a therapeutic agent is by carrying out angiogenesis, which is the formation of new blood vessels. 

It does this by activating a protein called the “vascular endothelial growth factor” which initiates the formation of new blood vessels. This ensues in the organization of a healthy vascular network which gives BPC-157 its key regenerative and healing properties.

Another mechanism of action of BPC-157 is blocking the inhibitory growth factor called 4-hydroxynonenal, which is a negative modulator of growth. This allows the peptide to carry out effective healing of wounds, especially surrounding tendons.

Ipamorelin is a pentapeptide (Aib-His-D-2-Nal-D-Phe-Lys-NH2), which displays high GH-releasing potency and efficacy in vitro and in vivo.Ipamorelin, a selective growth hormone-releasing peptide, has emerged as a promising agent for female fat loss.

Research shows that this compound can increase the body’s natural production of growth hormone by up to 30%. Growth hormone plays a pivotal role in fat metabolism, making its elevation crucial for effective fat loss.

For women, especially those over 40, natural growth hormone levels start to decline, leading to slower metabolism and increased fat storage. Ipamorelin’s ability to boost these levels can counteract this decline, potentially accelerating fat loss by up to 20%.

Moreover, unlike other growth hormone stimulants, Ipamorelin doesn’t increase appetite. This means women can benefit from its fat-burning properties without the counterproductive urge to eat more.

Additionally, a study found that participants using Ipamorelin experienced a 14% reduction in visceral fat over a 12-week period. Visceral fat, often termed “dangerous fat”, is linked to numerous health risks, making its reduction vital for overall health.

In summary, Ipamorelin offers a scientifically-backed approach to female fat loss, enhancing growth hormone levels, accelerating metabolism, and reducing harmful visceral fat, all without triggering increased appetite.