Just to clarify, training hard does not equate to pain and pushing past or through pain...your own mental comfort zone or physical comfort zone, maybe, but neither is "pain" related.
Diet, is a funny old thing, nobody can actually agree on what constitutes a good diet anyway so out-training a lousy diet is a complex statement before the training aspect of it is even considered. Many would consider white bread to be part of a lousy diet, many wouldn't...etc. HiCarb, LoCarb...